Mu rwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rijyanye no gushyushya no gukonjesha, pompe zishyushya zagaragaye nk'igisubizo cyiza kandi kitangiza ibidukikije. Zikoreshwa cyane mu ngo, mu bucuruzi no mu nganda kugira ngo zitange imikorere yo gushyushya no gukonjesha. Kugira ngo wumve neza akamaro n'imikorere y'ipompe zishyushya, ni ngombwa gusuzuma amahame ngiro yazo n'igitekerezo cya Coefficient of Performance (COP).
Amahame y'imikorere y'amapompo ashyushya
Igitekerezo cy'ibanze
Pompe y'ubushyuhe ni igikoresho cyimura ubushyuhe kuva ahantu hamwe kijya ahandi. Bitandukanye n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gushyushya butanga ubushyuhe binyuze mu gutwika cyangwa amashanyarazi, pompe z'ubushyuhe zimura ubushyuhe buriho ziva ahantu hakonje zijya ahantu hashyushye. Ubu buryo busa n'uko firigo ikora, ariko mu buryo bunyuranye. Firigo ikura ubushyuhe imbere yayo ikaburekura mu bidukikije, mu gihe pompe y'ubushyuhe ikura ubushyuhe hanze ikaburekura imbere.
Urugendo rwo Gukonjesha
Imikorere ya pompe ishyushya ishingiye ku buryo bwo gukonjesha, bukubiyemo ibice bine by'ingenzi: evaporator, compressor, condenser, na valve yo kwagura. Dore ibisobanuro by'intambwe ku yindi by'uburyo ibi bice bikora hamwe:
- Igikoresho cyo gusekura: Iyi gahunda itangirira kuri evaporator, iherereye ahantu hakonje (urugero, hanze y'inzu). Refrigerant, ikintu gifite ubushyuhe buke, ifata ubushyuhe buva mu mwuka cyangwa ku butaka bukikije. Uko ifata ubushyuhe, refrigerant ihinduka kuva ku mazi ikajya kuri gaze. Iri hinduka ry'icyiciro ni ingenzi kuko rituma refrigerant itwara ubushyuhe bwinshi.
- Kompressor: Imashini ishyushya ikoresheje umwuka ijya kuri compressor. Compressor yongera umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe bya firigo ikoresheje kuyikanda. Iyi ntambwe ni ingenzi kuko izamura ubushyuhe bwa firigo ikagera ku rugero ruri hejuru y'ubushyuhe bwo mu nzu wifuza. Imashini ishyushya ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi ubu yiteguye kurekura ubushyuhe bwayo.
- Kondensateri: Intambwe ikurikiraho ikubiyemo kondensateri, iherereye ahantu hashyushye (urugero, imbere mu nzu). Aha, firigo ishyushye kandi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi irekura ubushyuhe bwayo mu mwuka cyangwa mu mazi ayikikije. Uko firigo irekura ubushyuhe, irakonja kandi ikongera ikava kuri gaze ikaba amazi. Iri hinduka ry’icyiciro rirekura ubushyuhe bwinshi, bukoreshwa mu gushyushya icyumba cyo mu nzu.
- Valve yo Kwagura: Amaherezo, icyuma gikonjesha amazi kinyura muri valve yo kwagura, bigabanya umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe byacyo. Iyi ntambwe itegura icyuma gikonjesha kongera kwinjiza ubushyuhe muri evaporator, maze uruziga rugasubira.
Igipimo cy'imikorere (COP)
Ibisobanuro
Igipimo cy’imikorere (COP) ni igipimo cy’imikorere myiza ya pompe y’ubushyuhe. Gisobanurwa nk’ikigereranyo cy’ingano y’ubushyuhe butangwa (cyangwa buvanyweho) n’ingano y’ingufu z’amashanyarazi zikoreshwa. Mu magambo yoroshye, kitubwira ingano y’ubushyuhe pompe y’ubushyuhe ishobora gutanga kuri buri gikoresho cy’amashanyarazi ikoresha.
Mu mibare, COP igaragazwa muri ubu buryo:
COP=Ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa (W)Ubushyuhe butangwa (Q)
Iyo pompe ishyushya ifite COP (Coefficient of Performance) ya 5.0, ishobora kugabanya cyane fagitire z'amashanyarazi ugereranije n'ubushyuhe busanzwe bw'amashanyarazi. Dore isesengura rirambuye n'imibare:
Kugereranya Ikoreshwa ry'Ingufu mu Kuzigama
Ubushyuhe busanzwe bukoresha amashanyarazi bufite COP ya 1.0, bivuze ko butanga unit 1 y'ubushyuhe kuri buri kWh 1 y'amashanyarazi akoreshwa. Mu buryo bunyuranye, pompe y'ubushyuhe ifite COP ya 5.0 itanga unit 5 z'ubushyuhe kuri buri kWh 1 y'amashanyarazi akoreshwa, bigatuma ikora neza kurusha ubushyuhe busanzwe bukoresha amashanyarazi.
Kubara amafaranga yo kuzigama amashanyarazi
Dufashe ko hakenewe gukora unite 100 z'ubushyuhe:
- Ubushyuhe bushingiye ku mashanyarazi gakondo: Ikenera 100 kWh y'amashanyarazi.
- Pompe y'ubushyuhe ifite COP ya 5.0: Ikenera gusa 20 kWh y'amashanyarazi (ibipimo 100 by'ubushyuhe ÷ 5.0).
Niba igiciro cy'amashanyarazi ari 0.5€ kuri kWh:
- Ubushyuhe bushingiye ku mashanyarazi gakondo: Ikiguzi cy'amashanyarazi ni 50€ (100 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
- Pompe y'ubushyuhe ifite COP ya 5.0: Ikiguzi cy'amashanyarazi ni 10€ (20 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
Igipimo cy'ubwizigame
Pompe y'ubushyuhe ishobora kuzigama 80% ku mafaranga y'amashanyarazi ugereranije n'ayo gukoresha mu buryo busanzwe mu gushyushya amashanyarazi ((50 - 10) ÷ 50 = 80%).
Urugero rufatika
Mu bikorwa bifatika, nko mu mazi ashyushye yo mu ngo, tekereza ko litiro 200 z'amazi zigomba gushyushywa kuva kuri 15°C kugeza kuri 55°C buri munsi:
- Ubushyuhe bushingiye ku mashanyarazi gakondo: Ikoresha amashanyarazi agera kuri 38.77 kWh (dufashe ko ubushyuhe bushobora gukoreshwa ku kigero cya 90%).
- Pompe y'ubushyuhe ifite COP ya 5.0: Ikoresha amashanyarazi agera kuri 7.75 kWh (38.77 kWh ÷ 5.0).
Ku giciro cy'amashanyarazi cya 0.5€ kuri kWh:
- Ubushyuhe bushingiye ku mashanyarazi gakondo: Igiciro cy'amashanyarazi ku munsi ni hafi 19.39€ (38.77 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
- Pompe y'ubushyuhe ifite COP ya 5.0: Igiciro cy'amashanyarazi ku munsi ni hafi 3.88€ (7.75 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
Amafaranga ateganyijwe yo kuzigama ku ngo zisanzwe: Pompe zishyushya ugereranyije n'izishyushya gaze karemano
Hashingiwe ku bipimo byakozwe mu nganda zose n'ibiciro by'ingufu by'i Burayi:
| Ikintu | Gushyushya Gazi Isanzwe | Ipompe y'ubushyuhe ishyushye | Itandukaniro ry'umwaka riteganyijwe |
| Ikiguzi cy'ingufu ku mwaka | €1,200–€1,500 | €600–€900 | Amafaranga azigamwe hagati ya €300–€900 |
| Ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bya CO₂ (toni/umwaka) | Toni 3–5 | Toni 1–2 | Kugabanuka kwa toni 2–3 |
Icyitonderwa:Amafaranga nyayo azigama aratandukanye bitewe n'ibiciro by'amashanyarazi na lisansi mu gihugu, ubwiza bw'ubushyuhe mu nyubako, n'ubushobozi bw'imashini zikoresha ubushyuhe. Ibihugu nk'Ubudage, Ubufaransa, n'Ubutaliyani bikunda kugaragaza amafaranga menshi azigama, cyane cyane iyo hari inkunga za leta.
Ipompe y'ubushyuhe ya Hien R290 EocForce Series 6-16kW: Ipompe y'ubushyuhe ya Monobloc Air to Water
Ibiranga by'ingenzi:
Imikorere yose hamwe: imikorere yo gushyushya, gukonjesha, n'iy'amazi ashyushye yo mu rugo
Amahitamo y'ingufu zihindagurika: 220–240 V cyangwa 380–420 V
Igishushanyo mbonera gito: 6–16 kW ibice bito
Ifumbire irinda ibidukikije: Ifumbire irinda ibidukikije ya R290
Igikorwa cyo gusogongera ku ijwi rituje: 40.5 dB(A) kuri metero 1
Ingufu Zikoreshwa mu Kunoza: SCOP Kugeza kuri 5.19
Imikorere y'ubushyuhe bukabije: Imikorere ihamye kuri –20 °C
Ingufu Zikoreshwa Cyane: A+++
Igenzura ry'ubwenge kandi ryiteguye gukoresha PV
Umumaro wo kurwanya legionella: Ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'amazi yo hanze.75ºC
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 10 Nzeri 2025